The ancient food was sealed in a bronze cooking vessel and dug up near the city of Xian.
Liu Daiyun of the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology said: "It's the first discovery of bone soup in Chinese archaeological history. The discovery will play an important role in studying the eating habits and culture of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC)."
Scientists will now conduct further tests to confirm the liquid is soup and to identify the ingredients used by the ancient chefs.